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TOPIC 1:
PERCENTAGE & MONEY
Lesson 1:
Percentage & Money
Introduces the concept of percentages in
financial contexts, such as calculating discounts, interest rates, and tax.
- Discount Example:
Finding the final price of a $150 item after a 20% discount.
- Calculation: 150−(150×0.20)=120150 - (150 \times 0.20) =
120150−(150×0.20)=120.
Lesson 2:
Earning Money
Covers various ways to earn money, including
salaries, wages, commissions, and bonuses, with a focus on calculating
earnings.
- Weekly Earnings Example:
Calculating earnings for someone working 40 hours a week at an hourly wage
of $15.
- Calculation: 40×15=60040 \times 15 = 60040×15=600.
Lesson 3:
Spending Money
Discusses the importance of budgeting and
managing expenses, including needs versus wants.
- Weekly Budget Example:
Creating a budget where you allocate $100 for groceries, $50 for
entertainment, and $30 for utilities from a $500 weekly income.
Lesson 4:
Hire Purchase
Explains the concept of hire purchase
agreements, where payments are made over time to purchase an item, and includes
calculating total costs.
- Hire Purchase Example:
Determining the total cost of a $500 TV purchased on hire purchase with a
10% interest rate over 12 months.
- Calculation: 500+(500×0.10)=550500 + (500 \times 0.10) =
550500+(500×0.10)=550.
Lesson 5:
Appreciation & Depreciation
Covers how the value of assets can increase
(appreciation) or decrease (depreciation) over time, with calculations on both.
- Depreciation Example:
Calculating the depreciation of a car bought for $20,000 with a 15% annual
depreciation rate over 5 years.
- Calculation: 20000×(1−0.15)5=20000×0.527=1054020000 \times (1 -
0.15)^5 = 20000 \times 0.527 = 1054020000×(1−0.15)5=20000×0.527=10540.
Lesson 6:
Profit & Loss
Focuses on calculating profit and loss in
business transactions, including the difference between cost price and selling
price.
- Profit Example:
Determining the profit from selling a product for $120 that cost $80 to
produce.
- Calculation: 120−80=40120 - 80 = 40120−80=40.
Lesson 7: Budget
Teaches how to create and manage a budget,
focusing on income, expenses, and savings.
- Monthly Budget Example:
Designing a monthly budget with $2000 income, including $800 for rent,
$300 for utilities, $200 for groceries, and saving $400.
TOPIC 2:
RATIO & PROPORTION
Lesson 8:
Ratios & Equivalent Ratios
Introduces the concept of ratios and how to
simplify or find equivalent ratios.
- Simplification Example:
Simplifying the ratio 8:12 to its simplest form.
- Calculation: 812=23\frac{8}{12} = \frac{2}{3}128=32.
Lesson 9:
More Ratios
Explores more complex ratio problems,
including comparing different ratios.
- Comparison Example:
Comparing the ratios of boys to girls in two classes where one class has
10 boys and 15 girls, and the other class has 8 boys and 12 girls.
Lesson 10:
Ratios With Three or More Terms
Covers ratios involving three or more terms
and how to distribute quantities according to a given ratio.
- Distribution Example:
Dividing $1200 among three people in the ratio 3:2:1.
- Calculation: 1200×36=6001200 \times \frac{3}{6} = 6001200×63=600
(for the first person), 1200×26=4001200 \times \frac{2}{6} =
4001200×62=400 (for the second person), and 1200×16=2001200 \times
\frac{1}{6} = 2001200×61=200 (for the third person).
Lesson 11:
The Meaning of Proportion
Explains the concept of proportion and how two
ratios can be equal, introducing cross-multiplication to solve problems.
- Proportion Example:
Solving for xxx in the proportion 49=x27\frac{4}{9} =
\frac{x}{27}94=27x.
- Calculation: x=4×279=12x = \frac{4 \times 27}{9} = 12x=94×27=12.
Lesson 12:
Proportion Division
Focuses on dividing a quantity into parts
based on a given proportion.
- Division Example:
Splitting a $500 prize between two winners in the ratio of 3:2.
- Calculation: Winner 1=500×35=300\text{Winner 1} = 500 \times
\frac{3}{5} = 300Winner 1=500×53=300 and
Winner 2=500×25=200\text{Winner 2} = 500 \times \frac{2}{5} =
200Winner 2=500×52=200.
TOPIC 3:
RATES & RATE GRAPHS
Lesson 13:
The Meaning of Rates
Introduces the concept of rates, a comparison
between two different quantities, such as speed (distance/time).
- Speed Example:
Calculating the speed when a car travels 150 miles in 3 hours.
- Calculation:
150 miles3 hours=50 miles/hour\frac{150 \text{ miles}}{3
\text{ hours}} = 50 \text{
miles/hour}3 hours150 miles=50 miles/hour.
Lesson 14:
Uniform Rates and Average Rates
Covers uniform rates (consistent over time)
and how to calculate average rates when the rate varies.
- Average Speed Example:
Finding the average speed for a trip with segments traveled at different
speeds.
Lesson 15:
Rates and Unitary Method
Explains the unitary method, where you first
find the value of a single unit and then use it to find the value of multiple
units.
- Cost Example:
Determining the cost of 8 apples when 1 apple costs $0.50.
- Calculation: 8×0.50=4.008 \times 0.50 = 4.008×0.50=4.00.
Lesson 16:
More Rates
Explores additional examples of rates, such as
rates of pay, fuel consumption rates, and exchange rates.
- Fuel Efficiency Example:
Calculating fuel efficiency if a car travels 300 miles on 15 gallons of
fuel.
- Calculation:
300 miles15 gallons=20 miles/gallon\frac{300 \text{
miles}}{15 \text{ gallons}} = 20 \text{
miles/gallon}15 gallons300 miles=20 miles/gallon.
Lesson 17:
Graphs of Rates
Teaches how to plot and interpret graphs that
represent rates, such as distance-time graphs.
- Distance-Time Graph Example:
Analyzing a graph showing distance traveled over time to determine average
speed.
TOPIC 4:
BORROWING MONEY
Lesson 18:
Simple and Compound Interest
Explains the difference between simple
interest (calculated on the principal only) and compound interest (calculated
on the principal and accumulated interest).
- Simple Interest Example: Calculating
the amount owed on a $1000 loan after 3 years at a 5% annual interest
rate.
- Calculation: 1000+(1000×0.05×3)=11501000 + (1000 \times 0.05
\times 3) = 11501000+(1000×0.05×3)=1150.
Lesson 19:
Types of Loan and Loan Interest Rates
Discusses different types of loans, such as
personal loans, mortgages, and payday loans, and how interest rates are
applied.
- Loan Comparison Example:
Comparing the total repayment amounts of a fixed-rate loan versus a
variable-rate loan.
Lesson 20:
Most Suitable Term of the Loan
Covers how to choose the most suitable loan
term (the duration over which the loan is repaid) based on interest rates and
financial circumstances.
- Loan Term Example:
Deciding between a 5-year or 10-year mortgage based on total interest
paid.
Lesson 21:
Applying for a Loan
Provides guidance on the process of applying
for a loan, including preparing the necessary documentation and understanding
the loan agreement terms.
- Loan Application Example:
Preparing necessary documents like a credit report and income statements
for a mortgage application.
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